Titel

Zum Vorkommen von Echinococcus multilocularis und Trichinella spiralis (s.1.) beim Rotfuchs (Vulpes vulpes) in Tirol

Titel(englisch)

Name:

Walser, Florian

Ort und Jahr der Promotion

Wien, Vet.-med. Univ., Diss., 1996

Abstract

The following study shows an appearance of Echinococcus multilocularis in all Tyroliandistricts by a perceptual rate of infection of 15,2 % of total 585 examinated red foxes. The focalpoints of occurrence of E. multilocularis happened to be in the district of Kitzb?hel (30 %), Kufstein(27,4 %) and Reutte (21,4 \%). Medium rates from 10 to 20 % were found in the districts of Imst(14,9 %), Schwaz (13,2 %) and Innsbruck-Stadt / Innsbruck-Land (10,7 %), lowest rates werelocated in the districts of Landeck (3,1 %) and Lienz (2,4 %). It was the first found ever happenedof E. multilocularis at foxes as final host in the district of Landeck.The main part of the infected foxes (57,3 %) showed only a low grade of infestation with fox-tenia,25,8 % a medium grade of infestation and only 16,9 % were high-grade infestedThe infection rate of male foxes was twice as high as the infection rate of female foxes (19,2 % to10,9 %), and many more male foxes showed a severe infestation with E. multilocularis (20,3 %)than female foxes (10,0 \% ).62 % have been juvenil animals, 38 % have been adult animals (as far as the determination of theage has been possible).Foxes living in altitudes from 700 to 900 m were much more infested with E. multilocularis than allothers (28,8 %), followed by those living between 500 and 700 m above sealevel (20,6 %). Inhigher egions (more than 900 m) the infection rate was much lower. Excepting the areaInnsbruck-Stadt / Innsbruck-Land it appeared that districts with a low density of population showeda lower infection rate than districts with higher density.Beside E. multilocularis there were also found other cestodes as Taenia crassiceps, Taeniapolyacantha and Mesocestoides spp. and the nematodes Toxocara cants, Toxascaris leonina andUncinaria stenocephalaThe frequency of infestation with Trichinella spiralis (s. 1.) was about 2,6 % on an average, only inthe district of Landeck it was much above average (9,2 %). This kind of nematodes has beenfound for he first time in redfoxes in the Tyrol.When you compare the local distribution of historical documented human infections for more thanhundred years to the present infestation rate of the final host - the fox - in Tyrol, you may see thatE. multilocularis on the one hand is widely spread over this country for a long time, but on theother hand up to now without any real alteration relative to the propagation and the incidence of thehelminthocoonosis.Keywords: Echinococcus multilocularis - Trichinella spiralis (s.l.) - Spread - Tyrol - Vulpes vulpes